A Short History Of Animation Films
Apr 14th, 2011 by Aldouspi

A Short History Of Animation Films

To animate is to infuse life into something that is inanimate or without life. An animation film breathes life into painted or sketched characters. The hero and heroines are not real life movie stars or animals and birds.


Animation films involve the quick display of a series of images to give the illusion of movement. It is a kind of optical illusion of movement. The phenomenon is known as vision persistence.


Animation effects began long time ago and not some new invention of the movie world. In the cave paintings of the Old Stone Age the animals were having many legs on superimposed positions in an attempt to capture movement. In the 1800 flip books became popular when by rapidly thumbing through these special books the viewer got the impression of movement. However it was not until the debut of motion picture films that animation films really took off. No one person can be credited to be the creator of animation films. It involved several people in several projects.


Georges Melies was the first one to dabble with special effects in movies by using animation techniques. Accidentally he discovered it – the stop-motion animation, when his camera happened to break down. He was shooting a bus. But when he fixed the camera a horse came in the view and the net result was that the bus changed into a horse! J. Stuart Blackton came to combine the techniques of hand-drawn animation and stop-motion for the first time at the turn of the 20th century. Blackton is often referred to as the first successful animator.


French artist Emile Cohl made a film from hand painted cartoon strips name Fantasmagorie in 1908. The film depicted a stick moving and meeting other objects like a wine bottle that becomes changed into a flower. Sometimes the hands of the animator entered the scene. Each frame was drawn on paper and then each was shot on to a negative film that gave a blackboard effect. Thus it can be said that Fantasmagorie was the first animated film to make its debut.


Soon many other artists began to experiment. One was newspaper cartoonist Winsor McCay who began to work with a team. He came to produce some noted films like Little Nemo and Gertie the Dinosaur. In the 1910`s cartoon animated films began to rule the scene. The technique came to known as cel-animation.


Warner Bros and Walt Disney studio came to be legendary names associated with full animation industry in the film world. Limited animation uses less detail. Japan and United Productions of America produced animated films using this method. Another popular technique is rotoscoping. In 1917 Max Fleischer patented it. Here the animators copy frame-by-frame live actions.


The other methods are stop-motion-animation, clay-animation (using clay figures), cutout-animation (using paper and cloth), silhouette-animation, graphic-animation, model-animation, object-animation and puppet animation. In pixilation human beings are used in stop motion roles. This allows for surreal effects like disappearances and appearance. The latest technique of computer animation includes many kinds of techniques. These are made digitally on a computer machine.


Thus we find that in animated films drawings and or paintings are photographed individually by stop-frame cinematography. One frame is slightly different from the other thus giving the illusion of movement. These are moved in rapid succession – about 24 frames in each second. Animation can be regarded as a film technique and not a distinct category of film. These films were ideal for depicting fairy tales and captured the hearts of children for all times to come. It is difficult to find an adult who will not admit enjoying animation films.

This article can be accessed in portuguese from the Article section of page www.polomercantil.com.br/dvd.php

Roberto Sedycias works as IT consultant for www.PoloMercantil.com.br

Article from articlesbase.com

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A Short History of Anime
Nov 6th, 2010 by Aldouspi

A Short History of Anime

In 1854, Japan opened its ports to foreign trade. The technologies developed in the West were introduced to and quickly adopted by many in Japan. This included the inventions of Alva Edison and included the moving picture…

Thus began the era of Japanese animation, ushered in, in 1914, with the earliest anime being first screened in 1917 ‒ a two minute clip which featured a comedic folk tale about a samurai warrior.

By the 1930s, the anime industry had gained a significant amount of interest in Japan. Unfortunately, the local Japanese animators had to deal with a lot of competition, both from foreign and amongst local animators. As a result, Japanese animators had to work cheaply and were forced to optfor the animation technique called cutout animation, instead of the more expensive cel animation.

However, with cutout animation, Japanese animators such as Noburō Ōfuji and Yasuji Murata were still able to create wonders. Later on, animators such as Kenzō Masaoka and Mitsuyo Seo improved the Japanese animation industry, among others, by using cel animation and by introducing sound. In 1933, Masaoka produced the first talkie anime called “Chikara to Onna no Yo no Naka” or “The World of Power and Women”.

This was succeeded in 1945, by Seo’s direction of “Momotaro’s Devine Sea Warriors”, which was the first anime film at feature length.

The achievement of these Japanese animators was even more commendable because it was difficult to survive commercially. They also had to rely heavily on the support of the government, which entailed an obligation to include educational and militaristic propaganda. 

Additionally, Japanese animation was greatly influenced by the success of the 1937 feature film by the Walt Disney Company, called “Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs”. For instance, Osamu Tezuka started to mimic American style cartoons to reduce costs and limit the number of frames in production and with that created the popular graphic novel known as “Shin Takarajima” or “New Treasure Island” in 1947.

In the 1970s, the Japanese film market shrunk due to the increased competition from television which eventually led to the bankruptcy of Mushi Productions. However, the work of Osamu Tezuka was able to survive this competition. In fact, his work was so impressive that he was often credited as the “god of manga”. His distinctive “large eyes” style in animation still remains as one of the fundamental elements of anime today.

During this difficult era, a genre known as Mecha has also been introduced whose animation films include “Mazinger Z” (1972–74), “Science Ninja Team Gatchaman” (1972–74), “Space Battleship Yamato” (1974–75) and “Mobile Suit Gundam” (1979–80).

Other notable milestones for the Japanese animation industry include the release of “Akira” in the 1980s that has found huge success in both the Japanese and foreign market, and the boom in production in the 1990s due to the release of “Ghost in the Shell”. Furthermore, in 2008, Doraemon has been officially appointed as the first Anime Ambassador by Japanese government in order to promote anime worldwide. All these led to the success of the animation industry of Japan that we know today.

For more information, please visitAnime Forum —- Article from articlesbase.com

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